Nowadays, the fundamental role of having a purpose for life in physical and mental health has been confirmed. According to victor frankl, presence of a purpose in life gives life a meaning and increases resilience against pains and traumas. The importance of the purpose in life construct reveals the need for a reliable and valid tool to measure it. Crumbaugh and Maholick's purpose in life questionnaire is the first and one of the most applied tools for the assessment of life's purposefulness. The aim of this research is to determine the FACTOR structure of purpose in life questionnaire. The questionnaire was administered on 206 students who were selected through random stratified sampling at Ferdowsi University of Mashhad. Exploratory FACTOR ANALYSIS showed that there are two FACTORs "comprehension" and "purpose" and this finding were confirmed by confirmatory FACTOR ANALYSIS. Altogether results of this research showed FACTOR validity of the purpose in life questionnaire with a two FACTOR pattern

Sluggish Cognitive Tempo is used to describe a particular type of attention deficit, concentration, and slowness in information processing. The aim of this study was to investigate the psychometric properties of the Sluggish Cognitive Tempo Scale (SCTS) of the parent form among Iranian children. The present study is a descriptive study. A sample of 1700 people was selected from the provinces of Tehran, East Azerbaijan, West Azerbaijan, Kurdistan, Fars and Khorasan using cluster sampling method. 122 subjects were excluded from statistical ANALYSIS due to incomplete answers to the questionnaires and thus the final sample was reduced to 1578 parents. The confirmatory FACTOR ANALYSIS method and internal consistency were used to compute the Sluggish Cognitive Tempo Scale FACTORial validity and reliability, respectively. Also, in order to examine the construct validity of the Sluggish Cognitive Tempo Scale, we computed correlations between different dimensions of Sluggish Cognitive Tempo Scale with Attention Deficit Subscale of Mental Health Assessment Questionnaire for Children and Adolescents. The results of statistical results showed that this scale has structural validity, criterion and convergence in Iranian society. The results indicate that the scale is three FACTORs and also the validity of the scale using Cronbach's alpha method and retest test after Approved two weeks. According to the findings of the present study, the parent form of the Sluggish Cognitive Tempo Scale (SCTS) has a good validity and reliability and it can be used in research related to slow cognitive multiplication in Iranian society.

On-line high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) was used to monitor steady state reactions in three reactors (K=3) over 48.0 h. Different numbers of chromatograms, with J=1981 retention time points, were recorded for each of the three reactors. Peaks for each chromatogram were baseline corrected and aligned using correlation optimized warping (COW). To make a complete three-way data set of I=266 chromatograms a cubic Hermite interpolation was performed. The applied bilinear multivariate statistical process control (MSPC) method included the unfolding PCA and the trilinear technique was PARAFAC.Unfolding in reactor (K) mode was the most informative. D-charts and Q-charts were applied to the data to determine samples which were out of control. Confidence limits were then applied to the D and Q-charts and variables with different behaviours from that encapsulated within the reference data set were located. Both bilinear and trilinear methods were found to be useful for process ANALYSIS.

In this study, the direct determination of cefixime as an anti-bacterial agent, in pharmaceutical formulations, urine and human blood plasma was conducted based on spectrophotometric measurements using PARALLEL FACTOR ANALYSIS (PARAFAC) and partial least squares (PLS). The calibration set was composed of fourteen solutions in the range of 0.50- 9.00 mg mL-1. PLS models were calculated at each pH applied to determine a set of synthetic cefixime solutions. The best model was acquired at pH 1.02 (PLS-pH 1.02). The ability of the method for the ANALYSIS of real samples was considered by determination of cefixime in pharmaceutical preparations, urine and plasma with satisFACTORy results. The calculated model with PARAFAC showed good prediction capability with root mean square error of prediction (RMSEP) of 0.12 for cefixime. The acid dissociation constants (pKa) of cefixime play a fundamental role in the mechanism of activity of cefixime. The pKa of cefixime were estimated by DATAN program using the corresponding absorption spectra-pH data. The calculated pKa values of cefixime were 1.89 and 3.80 for pKa1 and pKa2 respectively.

The present study aimed at assessing the psychometric properties of psychosocial determinants of physical activity-related measures in Iranian adolescent girls.These translated measures were administered to 512 ninth and tenth-grade Iranian high school students.The results of a series of FACTOR ANALYSIS showed that the self-efficacy scale contained a single FACTOR, the social support scale contained two FACTORs: family support and friend support, the physical activity "pros & cons" scale contained two FACTORs: physical activity pros scale and physical activity cons scale, the change strategies scale contained a single FACTOR, the environment scale also contained a single FACTOR. Chronbach's alphas, mean inter-item correlations and test-retest coefficients showed that these solutions were reliable. These preliminary results provide support for using the mentioned scales to measure psychosocial determinants of physical activity in Iranian adolescent girls.

In order to develop an instrument for measuring coping strategies, a questionnaire was administered to 496 females, 649 males Iranian students selected by multistage sampling method. After conducting several explanatory FACTOR ANALYSIS using oblique rotation (in two stages), 100 items were selected that had high item total correlation (> 0.4) and FACTOR loadings (> 0.35). These items distinguished 8 coping strategies: 1) Social support, 2) spiritual support (religious), 3) cognitive restructuring, 4) problem solving, 5) wishful thinking and worry, 6) distracting (Physically and emotionally), 7) cognitive avoidance), 8) submission, and accounted for 33% of the variance. Two forms of the questionnaire, each consisting of 50 items, were developed based on similarity in content and equal FACTOR loading such that the correlation coefficients between the FACTORs of the two forms were significant and the difference in their means was insignificant. Cronbach's alpha for the two forms were 0.910 and 0.913 and SE were 3.60 and 3.61 respectively. FACTOR ANALYSIS of the forms confirmed 8 FACTORs. Psychometric indices were calculated for the FACTORs and their theoretical bases are discussed.

In this paper, we introduce systems consisting of several production units, each of which include several subunits working in PARALLEL. Meanwhile, each subunit is working independently. The input and output of each production unit are the sums of the inputs and outputs of its subunits, respectively. We consider each of these subunits as an independent decision making unit (DMU) and create the production possibility set (PPS) produced by these DMUs, in which the frontier points are considered as efficient DMUs. Then we introduce models for obtaining the efficiency of the production subunits. Using super-efficiency models, we categorize all efficient subunits into different efficiency classes. Then we follow by presenting the sensitivity ANALYSIS and stability problem for efficient subunits, including extreme efficient and non-extreme efficient subunits, assuming simultaneous perturbations in all inputs and outputs of subunits such that the efficiency of the subunit under evaluation declines while the efficiencies of other subunits improve.